What is diabetes?

 Diabetes Diabetes is a serious condition that causes higher than normal blood sugar levels. Diabetes occurs when your body cannot make or effectively use its insulin, a hormone made by special cells in the pancreas called islets (eye-lets). Insulin serves as a “key” to open your cells, to allow the sugar (glucose) from the food you eat to enter. Then, your body uses that glucose for energy.

What is Type 2 Diabetes?

Type 2 diabetes is a disease in which your body cannot properly use the energy it receives from food. The pancreas produces insulin (hormones) and helps cells use glucose (sugar). But over time, the pancreas produces less insulin and the cells resist it. This causes too much sugar to build up in the blood. High blood sugar levels from type 2 diabetes can cause serious health problems such as heart disease, stroke, and death.

 What Are the Causes of Type 2 Diabetes?

Type 2 diabetes occurs when the body's cells stop responding to insulin and the pancreas produces less insulin than it needs. They do not absorb sugar as they should. Sugar builds up in your blood. If a cell does not respond to insulin, it is called insulin resistance. This usually happens for the following reasons:

•  lifestyle factors,
• including obesity
• sedentary lifestyles

Genetics or an abnormal gene that prevents cells from functioning normally.

What are the symptoms of type 2 diabetes?

The symptoms of type 2 diabetes tend to progress slowly over time. These include:

•  blurred vision fatigue.
• Feeling very hungry or thirsty.
• Increased urge to urinate (usually at night).
• Cuts and wounds heal slowly.
• Pain and numbness in hands and feet.
• Unexplained weight loss.

What are the complications of hyperglycemia?

Potential complications of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes include:

•  Digestive problems, including gastroparesis.
• Eye problems, including diabetes-related retinopathy.
• Foot problems such as leg and foot ulcers.
• Periodontal disease and other oral problems.
• Deafness. Heart disease.
• Kidney disease.
• Liver problems, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
• Peripheral neuropathy (nerve damage).
• sexual dysfunction.
• Skin disease.
• paralysis.
• Urinary tract infections and bladder infections.
• In rare cases, type 2 diabetes can lead to a condition called diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). DKA is a life-threatening condition in which the blood becomes acidic. People with type 1 diabetes are more likely to have DKA.