What is a migraine?

A migraine is a severe headache that is often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and hypersensitivity to light. This can take hours or days.

Symptoms

Migraines vary from person to person. It occurs in stages in most people. These steps could be:

• prodrome
• In the hours or days before a headache, about 60% of migraine sufferers have:
• Hypersensitivity to light, sound, or smell
• fatigue
• loss of appetite or appetite
• changes in disposition
• great thirst
• feeling of excitement
• constipation or diarrhea
• post dream
• This period can last up to a day after the headache. Symptoms include:
• tired, fatigued, or angry
• feeling particularly alert or happy
• muscle pain or weakness
• loss of appetite or appetite

Causes of migraines

Migraines are a symptom of a condition called migraines. Doctors don't know exactly what causes migraines, but they think it depends on changes in the brain and genes. Parents can also provide migraine triggers such as fatigue, bright light, or changes in the weather.

For years, scientists believed that migraines were caused by changes in blood flow to the brain. Many people now believe that it can cause pain, but that is not the beginning.

Migraine treatment and home remedies

There is no cure for migraines. However, many medications can treat or prevent it. Common migraine treatments include:

Alleviation of disease. Over-the-counter (OTC) medications often work better. The main ingredients are acetaminophen, aspirin, caffeine, and ibuprofen. Do not give aspirin to anyone under 19 because of the risk of developing Reye's syndrome. Be careful when taking pain relievers as they can cause headaches. Excessive use may cause headaches or poisoning. If you take pain relievers more than 2 days a week, talk to your doctor about prescription medications that might work better. They can recommend prescription drugs that work well to stop migraines, including triptans and the newer data and pants. Your doctor can tell you if it is right for you.

Medicines to treat nausea. If your migraine causes nausea, your doctor may prescribe medication.

Triptan. This drug maintains the balance of chemicals in the brain. You may be given lozenges, tablets that dissolve on the tongue, nasal sprays, or injections. Examples include almotriptan (Axert), eletriptan (Relpax), sumatriptan (Imitrex), rizatriptan (Maxalt), and zolmitriptan (Zomig).

Ergotamine (Cafergot, Ergomar, Migergot). It also affects brain chemicals. Rasmiditan (Raybo). This medicine relieves pain, nausea, and sensitivity to light or sound.

CGRP receptor antagonists. If other treatments don't work, your doctor may give you infant (Nortek) or Ubrelvy (Ubrelvy).

Prophylactic drugs. Your doctor may recommend this if other treatments don't work, if you have severe headaches, or if you have migraines 4 or more days a month. It is taken regularly to reduce or reduce headaches. These include injections of anticonvulsant drugs, blood pressure drugs (such as beta-blockers and calcium channel blockers), some antidepressants, and injections of botulinum toxin type A (Botox). CGRP antagonists such as Atogepant (Qulipta), eptinezumab (Vyepti), erenumab (Aimovig), fremanezumab (Ajovi), and galcanezumab (Emgaliti) also prevent migraines.

Single pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Place this device on the back of your head when a migraine with aura starts. It sends pulses of magnetic energy to a part of the brain that stops or reduces pain.

Neuromodulator. Other devices can affect the vagus and trigeminal nerves to relieve or prevent migraines. 

Natural remedies

Migraine symptoms can be relieved by:

• Close your eyes and relax in a dark and quiet room
• Apply a cold compress or ice to the forehead
• drink enough water

Complementary therapies

Some people find relief as an alternative to or in addition to traditional treatments. This is called complementary or alternative therapy. Migraine headaches include:

• biofeedback. It helps you recognize stressful situations that may trigger your symptoms. If the headache starts slowly, biofeedback can stop the attack before the attack ends.
• Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). A professional can tell you how your actions and thoughts can affect your pain.
• Appendix. Research shows that certain vitamins, minerals, and herbs can prevent or treat migraines. These include riboflavin, coenzyme Q10, and melatonin. Garlic can cause migraines, but it can also affect liver enzymes.
• bodywork. Physical treatments such as chiropractic, massage, acupressure, acupuncture, and craniosacral therapy can relieve headache symptoms.

Talk to your doctor before trying complementary or alternative therapies.

Prevention of migraines

Try the following steps to prevent symptoms.

• Identify triggers and avoid them. Note the pattern of symptoms so you can determine the cause. Manage your stress. Relaxation techniques such as meditation, yoga, and mindful breathing can help. Eat on a regular schedule.
• Drink plenty of fluids. Get enough rest.
• Get moderate exercise regularly. If you get migraines during your period or if lifestyle changes don't help, ask your doctor about preventative medications.
• Some new devices may help prevent migraines. Cefaly is a device that looks like a headband and sends electrical impulses through the skin on the forehead. It affects the trigeminal nerve, which is associated with migraines. Take Cefaly once a day for 20 minutes. You will feel a tingling or rubbing sensation when it is on.
• Another stimulator, gammaCore, send a gentle electrical signal to the vagus nerve fibers in the neck to relieve pain and prevent migraines.