Introduction:
In this article I am going to explain the types of errors and what feature JavaScript had provided us to handle errors.
There are basically three types of Errors:
1. Syntax Error: It occurs at interpret time. The reason behind this error is the syntax of the language which is not followed correctly like there must be a parenthesis which must be in a function but we do not have use it.
Then syntax error will occur.
2. Runtime Errors: This error occurs at runtime after the compilation/Interpretation of code. This error occurs if we have not defined a variable but trying to access it.
3. Logical Errors: These types of errors are most difficult to find out. If this error occurs then our program will run but it will not give correct output.
For handling these types of errors JavaScript had provided us error handling techniques which are discussed below.
Try….catch….finally statement
JavaScript Try Catch statement is used to check a block of code for errors. The try block contains the code which
needs to be checked for errors. Catch block contains code to be executed if any errors occurs and finally is that block
of code which will execute whether try or catch block had executed or not.
Syntax:
try{
//code to be checked for.
}
catch(e)
{
//code which will be executed if any error occurs.
}
finally
{
//code which will execute whether catch block has executed or not.
}
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
try {
namelist();
alert("Function Exist");
}
catch (e) {
document.write("Error: " + e.Message + "<br/>");
}
</script>
</body>
</html>Output:
Error: undefined
In this example if name list function does not exist in the above script then
try block will give the control to the catch block and catch block will
handle the code accordingly and print the error message.
Example of finally statement used in conjunction with the try and catch
statement:
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
try {
namelist();
alert("Function Exist");
}
catch (e) {
document.write("Error: " + e.Message + "<br/>");
}
finally {
document.write("This is a finally block, this will execute irrespective of the other block");
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
Output:
Error: undefined
This is a finally block, this will execute irrespective of the other block
throw statement:
Throw statement is used to raise our own customized exception. It allows us to create our own exception.
Syntax:
throw exception
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title></title>
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
var number = prompt("Enter number greater than zero and less than 100", "");
try {
if (number < 0) {
throw "Error1";
}
else if (number >= 100) {
throw "Error2";
}
}
catch (err) {
if (err == "Error1") {
alert("Error! Please enter number greater than 1 ");
}
if (err == "Error2") {
alert("Error! Please enter number less than 100 ");
}
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
Output:
In this example I have shown how we can create our customized exception.
Conclusion:
In this article I have explained about error handling techniques in
JavaScript which is try and catch. I have
created my own customized error handling exception.
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