Subnetting is the process of dividing a larger network into smaller ones in order to maintain security. Therefore, smaller networks have easier maintenance. It is obvious that maintaining such a large number of hosts is challenging. However, if the network were divided into smaller parts, it would be much simpler to maintain. For instance, if we take a class A address as an example, there are 224 possible hosts for each network. Let's now discuss splitting a network into two parts: You must select one bit from the host ID part for each subnet in order to divide a network into two sections. You need to choose one bit for each subnet from the host ID part.

Where the ‘subnet’ is a generic term for a section of an extensive network, usually separated by a bridge or a router. This is also work for the network’s broadcast domains, manages traffic flow, and helps increasing network performance.

The uses of subnet in networking:

• First - Relieving network congestion
• Second - Reallocating IP addresses
• And Third - Improving network security