In Go, error handling is straightforward and relies on the use of error values returned from functions. Here's a simple explanation of how error handling works in Go:

Errors are Values: In Go, errors are represented as values. The built-in error interface is commonly used to define error types. It's a simple interface with one method: Error() string.

Returning Errors: Functions often return two values, where the second value is an error. If everything went well, the error is nil, indicating success. If there's an issue, the error contains information about the problem.

func divide(a, b int) (int, error) {
    if b == 0 {
        return 0, errors.New("division by zero")
    }
    return a / b, nil
}

Checking for Errors: When you call a function that returns an error, it's common to check the error immediately. This can be done with an if statement.

result, err := divide(10, 0)
if err != nil {
    fmt.Println("Error:", err)
} else {
    fmt.Println("Result:", result)
}

Error Types: You can create custom error types by implementing the error interface. This allows you to provide more detailed error information.

type CustomError struct {
    Message string
}

func (e *CustomError) Error() string {
    return e.Message
}

Panic and Recover: In exceptional cases, you can use panic to halt the program's normal execution. You can recover from panics using the recover function. However, this is used sparingly, typically for unrecoverable errors.

func example() {
    defer func() {
        if r := recover(); r != nil {
            fmt.Println("Recovered from panic:", r)
        }
    }()

    panic("This is a panic")
}

Remember that proper error handling is essential in Go to make your programs more robust. It ensures that unexpected issues are gracefully managed and doesn't lead to program crashes.